A cataract is a medical condition in which the lens of the eye becomes cloudy and opaque. Cataracts can affect one or both eyes, and are more common in dogs than cats. The condition is progressive and can lead to partial loss of vision or complete blindness in pets. It is important to visit your veterinarian if you notice symptoms of cataracts, as the condition can progress quickly if left untreated.
Causes of Cataracts
Cataracts can be caused by factors including diabetes, eye trauma, exposure to toxins, damage from UV light, and infections. Certain breeds of dogs and cats are predisposed to the condition. These include cocker spaniels, Labrador retrievers, Boston terriers, and Persian cats. Although cataracts are usually seen in older animals, they can develop in pets of all ages.
Symptoms of Cataracts
The most common symptom of cataracts is a cloudy or bluish appearance in the eye. Pets with cataracts may also display symptoms of vision loss such as poor coordination or clumsiness. In addition, you may notice eye irritation or discharge from the eyes. Please visit your veterinarian immediately if you are concerned about your pet’s eyes so the cause of their symptoms can be diagnosed and treated.
Diagnosis of Cataracts
Your veterinarian will assess your pet’s medical history and ask you a series of questions about the onset of their symptoms. They will then perform a complete ophthalmologic (eye) examination. This test is useful for ruling out nuclear sclerosis, a more common condition with similar symptoms to cataracts.
Diagnostic tests may also be recommended to rule out other causes of your pet’s symptoms. These may include bloodwork, chemistry tests, a urinalysis, and an ultrasound of the eye. Depending on the results of these tests, your veterinarian may recommend consulting with a veterinary ophthalmologist (eye specialist).
Treatment of Cataracts
Treatment of cataracts will depend on several factors. These include the underlying cause of the condition, your pet’s overall health, and the severity of their symptoms. Since cataracts are a progressive condition, surgery will usually be recommended to prevent further loss of vision. However, some pets may not be good candidates for surgery due to age or underlying health conditions. If your pet undergoes surgery, eye drops or other medications will be prescribed to reduce inflammation.
Prevention of Cataracts
Cataracts can be difficult to prevent, since they are often caused by genetic factors. The best way to minimize your pet’s risk of developingthe condition is to schedule regular eye examinations with your veterinarian. We also recommend feeding your pet a healthy, balanced diet to support their eye health, and protecting them from harmful UV rays.
