Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a condition which is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.
IBD can affect both cats and dogs, most frequently seen in middle-aged and senior pets. Some breeds of pet including Siamese cats, French bulldogs, and Irish setters are thought to be predisposed to the condition. Symptoms of IBD can worsen over time, so it is important that your pet is diagnosed and treated as quickly as possible.
Causes of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Although the underlying cause of IBD is not fully understood, the condition occurs when inflammatory cells invade the wall of the intestines or stomach. Factors which are thought to contribute to this abnormal immune response include allergies, stress, parasites, genetics, and hypersensitivity to bacteria.
Symptoms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Symptoms of IBD can vary between animals, often similar to those of other illnesses. The following are some of the most common signs and symptoms of the condition.
- Diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Weight loss
- Anorexia
- Flatulence
- Decreased appetite
- Abdominal pain
Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Your veterinarian will assess your pet’s medical history and perform a complete physical examination to check for signs of IBD. Other diagnostic tests may include urinalysis, blood tests, fecal examinations, and imaging techniques. These tests will help your veterinarian to get a better picture of your pet’s overall health and rule out other causes of their symptoms such as infection or parasites. If IBD is suspected, a biopsy of intestinal tissue will be performed to reach a definitive diagnosis of the condition.
Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Treatment of IBD will focus on addressing the underlying cause of the disease as well as managing its symptoms. Your veterinarian will decide on the best course of treatment for your pet based on their overall condition. Treatment options include specialized diets to minimize inflammation, probiotics to optimize gut health, and medications such as anti-inflammatories, immunosuppressive drugs, and antibiotics to treat the symptoms and causes of IBD.
Prevention of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Since the underlying cause of IBD is not fully understood, the condition can be difficult to prevent. We recommend feeding a healthy, balanced diet to promote digestion and support overall health. It’s also important to schedule regular checkups with your veterinarian so your pet’s health can be closely monitored throughout their lifetime.
