Chronic renal failure (CRF)is a failure of the kidneys. It is a common progressive condition in cats and dogs which can be life-threatening if left untreated.
The kidneys are vital to your pet’s overall health. They are responsible for important functions including removing waste from the blood, controlling blood pressure, manufacturing hormones and encouraging red blood cell production.
When a pet has CRF, their kidneys are unable to function properly. This can lead to potentially serious health complications that are difficult to treat.
Causes of CRF
There are many possible underlying causes of CRF in pets. In some cases, the condition can develop suddenly in response to factors such as urinary blockages, infections, ingestion of toxic substances, or severe dehydration. Often, the condition is caused by hereditary factors or underlying illnesses. In these cases, CRF usually progresses slowly and is observed in older pets.
Symptoms of CRF
Because of the severe health problems associated with CRF, it is important to recognize symptoms as early as possible.
Two of the most common symptoms of CRF are polyuria (PU), and polydipsia (PD). Polyuria is the medical name for abnormally high urine production, while polydipsia refers to increased thirst and water intake. If you notice either of these symptoms, take your pet for a veterinary checkup as soon as possible to confirm or rule out CRF.
Other symptoms of CRF include loss of appetite, diarrhea, lethargy, and dehydration. Pets with CRF may also display symptoms such as vomiting, weight loss, and decreased urination. Although many of these symptoms can indicate other health conditions, it’s important to visit your veterinarian so the underlying cause can be determined.
Diagnosis of CRF
When diagnosing CRF, your veterinarian will perform blood tests to determine if the condition is present, how severe it may be, and its possible causes.
Other diagnostic tests used to check for symptoms and severity of CRF include urinalysis and blood pressure tests. Imaging such as X-rays and ultrasounds may also be used to look for abnormalities in the size and shape of your pet’s kidneys.
Treatment of CRF
One of the principal treatments for CRF is fluid therapy to combat dehydration. Depending on the severity of the condition, fluids may be given orally, subcutaneously (under the skin), or intravenously.
Your veterinarian may prescribe various medications to address the underlying cause of your pet’s illness or treat its specific symptoms. Specialized diets and nutritional supplements may also be prescribed to promote kidney function and stabilize your pet’s condition. Regular veterinary checkups and careful monitoring of your pet’s health will be necessary throughout the treatment process.
Prevention of CRF
Although there are no guaranteed methods of preventing CRF, there are measures you can take to minimize your pet’s risk of developing the condition.
Make sure to keep your pet well hydrated at all times, avoid exposing them to toxic substances, and practice good hygiene to prevent the spread of pathogens. Since older pets are more at risk, regular health screenings are recommended for senior pets.
Finally, please visit your veterinarian if you notice any signs or symptoms that may indicate CRF in your pet. Animals treated in the early stages of the condition have a better chance of successful treatment and recovery.
