Colitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the colon (large intestine). It can be acute or chronic in onset, and is common in both dogs and cats. Colitis can lead to painful and uncomfortable symptoms in pets, and may indicate the presence of underlying health issues.
Causes of Colitis
Colitis can be caused by a number of factors. These include genetic predisposition, intestinal parasites, infections, stress, and dietary intolerances. Underlying health issues such as pancreatitis and bowel cancer can also contribute to the development of the condition. Colitis may also be idiopathic, this means that it has no identifiable cause.
Symptoms of Colitis
Please visit your veterinarian immediately if your pet displays any of the following symptoms of colitis.
- Diarrhea or loose stools
- Bloody stools
- Straining while defecating
- Frequent defecation
- Vomiting
- Weight loss
- Dehydration
Diagnosis of Colitis
Your veterinarian will ask you a series of questions about the onset of your pet’s symptoms. They will then perform a complete physical examination to check for signs of parasitic infection or other potential causes of colitis.
Diagnostic testing may include a fecal examination, bloodwork, a urinalysis, and a complete blood count. In addition, your veterinarian may perform tests such as a colonoscopy or abdominal X-rays to check for abnormalities in your pet’s gastrointestinal tract.
Treatment of Colitis
Treatment of colitis will depend on the severity of your pet’s symptoms. In some cases, hospitalization may be needed to stabilize and monitor your pet. This is commonly recommended for pets that have suffered bouts of chronic diarrhea.
Your veterinarian may also prescribe medications to treat your pet’s symptoms or address underlying issues such as parasitic infection. Commonly prescribed medications include anti-inflammatories, anti-parasitic drugs, and antimicrobial drugs.
Dietary changes can also help pets with colitis to recover. Often, a period of fasting will be recommended, followed by the slow reintroduction of foods that are gentle on the gastrointestinal tract. Please follow all treatment advice closely to aid your pet’s recovery.
Prevention of Colitis
Although it’s not always possible to prevent colitis in pets, there are several measures you can take to reduce the risk of them developing the condition. Always feed a healthy, balanced diet and prevent your pet from coming into contact with items that may be contaminated with parasites.
It’s also important to consult with your veterinarian about appropriate parasite preventative medications for your pet. Finally, please schedule regular veterinary appointments so your pet’s health can be monitored throughout their lifetime.
