Pancreatic enzymes are needed to digest proteins, fats, and carbohydrates in your pet’s body. Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency (EPI) is a condition in which the pancreas fails to produce sufficient levels of these important digestive enzymes. Both cats and dogs can develop EPI, leading to symptoms which can significantly impact their overall health.
Causes of EPI
There are several factors which are thought to contribute to the development of EPI in pets. These include chronic pancreatitis, injury or infection of the pancreas, and immune disorders. It has also been suggested that EPI is an inherited condition in some pets.
Symptoms of EPI
EPI can be difficult to identify, as the symptoms of the condition often mirror those of other illnesses. Please visit your veterinarian if you notice any of the following symptoms so your pet can be correctly diagnosed and treated.
- General digestive issues
- Chronic diarrhea
- Progressive weight loss
- Lethargy
- Frequent gas
- Excessive appetite
- Skin and coat problems
- Coprophagia (consumption of feces)
Diagnosis of EPI
Your veterinarian will perform a thorough physical examination of your pet to check for potential symptoms of EPI. Blood tests, urinalysis, and fecal tests are also useful diagnostic tools for identifying potential causes of your pet’s illness and assessing their overall health.
The most effective diagnostic test for EPI is a blood test which measures an animal’s ability to produce trypsinogen (TLI), a chemical which is released into the blood from the pancreas. Pets with EPI will have low amounts of TLI in their bloodstream, indicating the presence of the condition
Treatment of EPI
Since there is no known cure for EPI, the aim of treatment is to supplement the body with the digestive enzymes it is unable to produce. Pancreatic extracts come in powdered form and can be mixed into a pet’s regular food.
In addition, your veterinarian may recommend a low-fat diet and vitamin supplements to address digestive problems and malnourishment. Pets with EPI will need lifelong therapy to ensure their health remains stable. Speak to your veterinarian about scheduling regular checkups to monitor your pet’s condition.
Prevention of EPI
There are no known preventative measures for combating EPI. The best way to protect your pet is by watching for early signs and symptoms of the condition and scheduling routine health examinations with your veterinarian.
