Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis (HGE) is a canine disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. It is most common in small breeds of dog and usually strikes in early adulthood. It is very important that dogs with HGE receive immediate medical treatment as the condition can be life-threatening if left untreated.
Causes of Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis
The underlying cause of HGE is not fully understood, but a number of factors are thought to contribute to the development of the condition. These include stress, ingestion of non-food items or toxins, pancreatitis, and allergic reactions.
Symptoms of Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis
HGE can progress very rapidly, leading to a range of dangerous symptoms. Please visit your veterinarian immediately if your pet displays any of the following signs of the condition.
- Bloody diarrhea
- Dehydration
- Vomiting
- Decreased appetite
- Lethargy
- Abdominal pain
- Fever
Diagnosis of Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis
Your veterinarian will ask you questions about the onset of your pet’s symptoms and perform a thorough physical examination to check for clinical signs of HGE. Diagnosis of the condition will be reached by ruling out other possible causes of your pet’s symptoms. Diagnostic tests available to your veterinarian include blood tests, urinalysis, fecal evaluation, X-rays of the gastrointestinal tract, and a complete blood count.
Treatment of Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis
Although HGE is a serious and life-threatening condition, the prognosis is good for dogs that receive early treatment. A period of hospitalization will usually be required to stabilize your dog and treat symptoms of HGE.
Treatment of the condition will focus on supportive care including intravenous fluid therapy to combat dehydration. Your veterinarian may also administer antibiotics to address possible secondary infections and medications to prevent symptoms such as nausea and vomiting.
Food and water will be withheld during treatment to allow your pet’s digestive system to rest. Your veterinarian will advise you on reintroducing your pet slowly to food and water. Following treatment, it is important to minimize exercise and give your dog plenty of time to rest and recuperate. Please follow your veterinarian’s treatment advice closely to aid your dog’s recovery.
Prevention of Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis
Preventing HGE can be difficult, as the cause of the condition is not fully understood. However, carefully controlling your dog’s diet may help prevent the condition. Always feed a balanced, high-quality diet and do not allow your dog to eat table scraps or non-food items. Finally, schedule regular checkups with your veterinarian to monitor your pet’s health throughout their lifetime
