Upper respiratory infections (URIs) affect the bronchi, trachea, nose, and throat. They are usually caused by bacteria or viruses and produce symptoms that are similar to those of the common cold in humans. URIs are highly contagious and can spread quickly and easily between pets of the same species.
Causes of URIs
The two most common causes of URIs in pets are bacterial and viral. Bordetella bronchiseptica is the most common bacterial pathogen to cause URIs in dogs. Viralcauses of canine URIs includes canine distemper, canine parainfluenza, canine adenovirus, and canine reovirus.
Common bacterial causes in cats include chlamydia and bordetella bronchiseptica. Feline URIs are also caused by viruses such as feline herpesvirus and feline calicivirus.
URIs are more common in unvaccinated pets and those with a compromised immune system. Kittens, puppies, and senior pets are also at greater risk.
Symptoms of URIs
The symptoms of a URI will depend on the severity of the infection and its underlying cause. These range from mild symptoms that last for just a few days, to more serious symptoms that can cause health problems if left untreated.
Kennel cough is a type of URI that affects dogs. It is sometimes referred to as Bordotella, as it is commonly caused by the bacterium bordetella bronchiseptica. Dogs with kennel cough will have a persistent, dry cough that often has a distinctive honking sound. This type of URI can lead to health complications such as pneumonia and fever.
Canine distemper is another example of a type of URI that can lead to health complications in dogs. It is a viral infection that can cause vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, and secondary bacterial infections.
Most URIs are nothing to worry about, but it’s important to visit your veterinarian if you notice any symptoms so your pet can be correctly diagnosed and treated. Here are some of the most common symptoms of URIs in cats and dogs:
- Sneezing
- Coughing
- Nasal discharge
- Fever
- Discharge from the eyes
- Loss of appetite
- Lethargy
Diagnosis of URIs
When diagnosing a URI, your veterinarian will look at your pet’s medical history and perform a complete physical examination. Additional diagnostic tests such as blood work, urinalysis, X-rays, fecal examinations, and bacterial cultures can be used to identify the underlying cause of the URI.
Treatment of URIs
Treatment of a URI will depend on its cause. In most cases, your veterinarian will prescribe medications such as antibiotics to treat the infection. You will also be instructed to support your pet’s recovery by feeding a nutritious diet, providing fresh drinking water, and restricting exercise. Make sure to carefully follow your veterinarian’s treatment instructions to help your pet return to health as quickly as possible.
Prevention of URIs
The best way to protect your pet against URIs is by vaccinating them against infection. Feeding a healthy diet that supports their immune system and overall health is also an important preventative measure. Finally, take care to keep your pet’s living area clean and hygienic to minimize the spread of pathogens and risk of infection.
